BS EN 414:1992 download free.Safety of machinery Rules for the drafting and presentation of safety standards.
o Introduction
CEN/CENELEC have embarked on a programme of work to produce a series of related machinery safety standards as part of the European process for harmonization. It has been necessary to propose rules for the preparation, drafting and presentation of these safety standards to supplement the PNE rules which set out general principles and requirements for all European standards. BS EN 414 both makes use of and refers to the principles and concepts established in EN 292. Tn addition, ISO/IEC Guide 51 has been taken into account as far as possible at the time of drafting.
It is intended to revise EN 414 at an early date to take account of subsequent standards and legislation.
1 Scope
BS EN 414 specifies requirements for the drafting and presentation of European machinery safety standards, primarily to achieve consistency of the various standards to be prepared.
It also gives requirements on the criteria for the selection of new work items and for procedures to allow standards to be prepared and produced in an efficient and effective way.
BS EN 414 gives requirements which are supplementary to the PNE rules when this is necessary because of the special requirements of machinery safety standards. It does not duplicate the text of the PNE rules when these are unchanged.
BS EN 414 applies primarily to the drafting of type C standards (see 3.3). It may also apply to type B standards (see 3.2) but the foreseeable variation in the format of these standards prevents general application. When requirements specifically apply to type B standards, this is indicated.
The PNE rules and EN 292 have to be used in conjunction with the present standard when preparing a new safety standard, or when revising an existing safety standard.
3.3
type C standards
(machine safety standards) giving detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines
4 General principles
4.1 All safety standards shall comply with the basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects stated in type A standards.
4.2 Type B and type C standards cover the design and/or construction of machines. Type B standards shall consider one aspect or one type of device, and type C standards one type of machine or one group of machines.
Type B and type C standards shall not repeat or paraphrase the text of other reference standards (see 4.4 of the PNE ru1es)4.
NOTE 1 in type B standards, for a better understanding it is acceptable to repeat a basic definition or concept. the scope of the standard. andlor basic requirement given in EN 292. NOTE 2 Standards may be divided into two or more parts to assist the work of the drafters, to make the use of the standard easier, or for reasons of urgency (see 1.8 of the PNE rules).
4.3 Type B standards shall:
a) cover one safety aspect or one type of safety related device, if possible in one standard, by reference to other standards when appropriate, and taking into account all possible applications, b) deal as far as possible with objectives rather than design details, especially for safety related devices, to minimize restrictions on design,
c) define, as necessary and practicable, more than one performance category to allow for different applications. The standard shall give the basis and/or reasons for each performance category.
NOTE Different applications may require different performance categories because of, for example:
— the probability of the occurrence of injury or damage to
health,
— the highest foreseeable severity of this injury or damage to
health,
— the possibility of averting or avoiding the hazard.
4.4 Type C standards shall cover as far as possible in one standard all the hazards relevant to one type of machine or one group of machines:
a) by reference to relevant type A standards especially to EN 292 regarding principles for design, and all general, minor or secondary aspects,
b) by reference to relevant type B standards and performance categories (see 6.8.2),
NOTE The result of the procedure may provide information which can be used in the scope (see 5.3).
Then, the procedure given in 5.3 to 5.8 and annex B shall be carried out in the order indicated, to provide information to allow an appropriate standard to be drafted.
5.2 Determination of the necessity and/or priority for standardization
The need for standardization and its priority shall be determined from the answers to the questions contained in 5.2.a to 5.2.g.
a) Is there a demand for European standards arising from regulatory bodies or other interested bodies such as professional bodies, employee or employers associations, trade unions, accident prevention organizations, consumer organizations, standardization bodies, etc.?
b) Is there a need for a standard to support other safety standards (e.g. terminology, rules for drafting standards)?
c) Are there hazards generating significant risk to the safety or health of persons?
d) Is there or will there he in the foreseeable future a sufficient number of related machines or devices to justify the production of a standard’?
e) Are there national standards/specifications giving specific requirements, either directly or by reference to another document, which may be barriers to internal European trade?
f) Are there proven professional, national or international standards or other standards available so as to give reasonable expectation for positive and rapid results?
g) Is there sufficient expertise, collective knowledge and experience, of design, use and accident history on the subject?
NOTE These questions should also be considered when a technical committee is developing or extending its programme of work.
5.3 Definition of the scope
The precise limits of the machine or group of similar machines to be standardized shall be established and include the following (see 5.1 of EN 292-1):
a) definition of the machine or group of similar machines,
b) determination of the intended use of the machine (see 3.12 of EN 292-1),
c) determination of the space limits (see 5.1 of EN 292-1),
d) determination of the foreseeable “life limit”, when applicable,
e) definition of the field of application.
6.11 Annexes
6.11.1 Normative annexes
When it is foreseeable that certain parts could be applicable to other documents (e.g test methods) these parts shall be included as normative annexes.
A normative annex shall comply with 2.4.8 of the PNE rules.
NOTE This form of presentation may assist reference from other documents and allows easier conversion of those parts to a type A or type B standard (see 4.5).
6.11.2 Informative annexes
Standards which are not publicly available, which only give information, or which have served as references in the preparation of the standard shall not appear in clause 2 “Normative references”. They shall be listed in an informative annex complying with 2.5.1 of the PNE rules, and shall be given the title “Bibliography”.